Kendali Kecepatan Motor Induksi 3-Fasa Dengan Metode Adaptif Fuzzy-PID

Sofian Yahya; Azhar Fauzi; Adnan Rafi Al Tahtawi; Sofyan Muhammad Ilman

doi:10.15575/telka.v10n1.01-11

Kendali Kecepatan Motor Induksi 3-Fasa Dengan Metode Adaptif Fuzzy-PID

Sofian Yahya, Azhar Fauzi, Adnan Rafi Al Tahtawi, Sofyan Muhammad Ilman

Sari

Motor induksi 3-fasa merupakan salah satu aktuator penggerak yang paling banyak digunakan di industri. Motor ini dapat digunakan dalam proses produksi di industry, contohnya untuk menggerakan konveyor. Walaupun memiliki banyak keunggulan, pengendalian kecepatan motor ini perlu dilakukan agar dapat dicapai stabilitas kecepatannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang sistem pengendalian kecepatan motor induksi 3-fasa 1,5 kW 220/380 V pada kecepatan konstan sebesar 1400 rpm berbasis PLC Omron CP1H. Pengendalian dilakukan menggunakan Variable Speed Drive (VSD) untuk mengatur frekuensi motor dan tachogenerator sebagai umpan balik untuk membaca kecepatan aktual pada motor. Metode pengendalian yang digunakan adalah kendali adaptif Fuzzy-PID (AFPID) yang memiliki kemampuan adaptasi terhadap perubahan parameter akibat adanya gangguan. Konstanta PID dirancang menggunakan pendekatan Ziegler-Nichols 1, kemudian konstanta tersebut akan diinterfensi oleh konstanta tambahan dari logika fuzzy bila mendapatkan gangguan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendali AFPID mampu menjaga kecepatan motor pada setpoint 1400 rpm dengan berbagai skenario gangguan. Dengan menggunakan pengendali AF-PID, kecepatan motor induksi 3-fasa dapat dikendalikan dan tahan terhadap gangguan karena kemampuannya dalam melakukan penalaan gain secara adaptif.

The 3-phase induction motor is one of the most widely used drive actuators in the industry. This motor can be used in industrial production processes, for example to drive conveyors. Although it has many advantages, controlling the speed of this motor needs to be done in order to achieve speed stability. This study aims to design a 1.5 kW 220/380 V 3-phase induction motor speed control system at a constant speed of 1400 rpm based on PLC Omron CP1H. Control is carried out using a Variable Speed Drive (VSD) to adjust the motor frequency and a tachogenerator as feedback to read the actual speed of the motor. The control method used is adaptive Fuzzy-PID control (AFPID) which has the ability to adapt to changes in parameters due to disturbances. PID constants are designed using the Ziegler-Nichols 1 approach, then these constants will be interfered with by additional constants from fuzzy logic when they get disturbed. The results showed that the AFPID control was able to maintain the motor speed at a setpoint of 1400 rpm with various disturbance scenarios. By using an AF-PID controller, the speed of a 3-phase induction motor can be controlled and is robust against disturbances due to its ability to adjust gain adaptively.

Kata Kunci

Motor Induksi 3-Fasa; PLC; Adaptif Fuzzy-PID; Variable Speed Drive

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Referensi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/telka.v10n1.01-11